The Builders of the Gilded Age
The Fortunes and Philanthropy That Forged America
The Gilded Age was defined not merely by excess, but by daring enterprise. In the smoky foundries and oil yards of Cleveland and across Ohio, pioneers staked everything on emergent industries, reshaping the modern global economy. Beyond the immense wealth lay an unyielding drive that revolutionized commerce and a grand philanthropic vision that built universities, libraries, and civic cornerstones that endure today.

From the editor
The Bellevue–Bluffton thread
Where it began. I grew up in Bellevue, Ohio, and discovered that my hometown was once home to the Flagler and Harkness families — whose ties began there before they helped build Standard Oil.
Two dynasties. Henry Flagler went on to build modern Florida with his railroad and grand hotels, while the Harknesses shaped New York, Connecticut, and some of America's greatest philanthropy.
The Southern Gilded. Now living in Bluffton, South Carolina, I found the story's southern chapter — the Lowcountry winter retreats where Gilded Age fortunes came to rest.
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Choose where to begin

Harry Harkness Flagler

Henry Flagler’s two favorites

Flagler Mausoleum – St. Augustine, FL

St. Augustine, Florida – Flagler’s start in Florida

The Day Henry Flagler and Will Harkness returned to Bellevue, Ohio

The Harkness/Flagler Timeline

Henry M. Flagler

William Lamon Harkness

Harkness Chapel at Case Western Reserve

The Cleveland Arcade built by Harkness
Welcome
Editor's picks
Featured Stories
6 hand-picked stories

Featured story
Alfred Lee Loomis Wall Street Tycoon, Physicist and Hilton Head Owner
Alfred Lee Loomis Wall Street Tycoon, Physicist and Hilton Head Owner Alfred Lee Loomis and his brother-in-law, Landon K.
By Don C. Schueler5 min readInterwar Era · 1930s
Featured story
Oh, Rebekah! Burning through the money!
Rebekah Harkness inherited a Standard Oil fortune from Bill Harkness, then poured millions into ballet, art, Holiday House, and an extravagant life that became legend.
By Don C. Schueler17 min readModern Era · 1940s
Featured story
Belfair Plantation, Bluffton SC
Belfair Plantation Above is Belfair’s “Avenue of the Oaks” with the oak trees planted in the late 1920s when William Moseley Swain owned Belfair.
By Don C. Schueler12 min readGilded Age · 1860s
Featured story
Taylor Swift sings about Bill and Rebekah Harkness in “American Dynasty”
What on earth does the Harkness family have to do with Taylor Swift you ask? William (Bill) Harkness
By Don C. Schueler6 min readModern Era · 1940s
Reader favorites
Most Popular Stories
Based on readership October 12–November 11, 2026.

Most popular story
Harkness Memorial Presbyterian – Bellevue, Ohio
Bellevue’s historic First Congregational Church aka “Harkness Memorial Presbyterian” is located on Southwest Street next to the Mad River Train Museum.
By Don C. Schueler4 min readGilded Age · 1880s
Most popular story
The Tragic Life of Ida Alice Shourds Flagler: Madness, Money, and a $300 Million Divorce
The Price of Madness: Ida Alice Flagler and the $2 Million Settlement. Ida Alice Flagler was born in 1848 and grew up in Philadelphia.
By Don C. Schueler3 min readGilded Age · 1880s
Most popular story
Bluffton, SC’s Gilded Age Princess
Special thanks to Sydney Whiteside, Library Assistant, Beaufort District Collection, Beaufort County Library, for her excellent assistance in accessing key resources for this article.
By Don C. Schueler12 min readModern Era · 1940s
Most popular story
Where did all the money go?
The Standard Oil fortune was a tidal wave of cash that either built the foundations of modern America or dissolved into a haze of eccentric scandals, proving that inheriting a billion dollars is often the quickest way to lose your mind.
By Don C. Schueler9 min readLate Industrial Era · 1910s

